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COCOMO
The Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) is an algorithmic software cost estimation model developed by Barry W. Boehm. The model uses a basic regression formula with parameters that are derived from historical project data and current as well as future project characteristics.
== History ==
It was first published in Boehm's 1981 book ''Software Engineering Economics''〔Barry Boehm. ''Software Engineering Economics''. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall, 1981. ISBN 0-13-822122-7〕 as a model for estimating effort, cost, and schedule for software projects. It drew on a study of 63 projects at TRW Aerospace where Boehm was Director of Software Research and Technology. The study examined projects ranging in size from 2,000 to 100,000 lines of code, and programming languages ranging from assembly to PL/I. These projects were based on the waterfall model of software development which was the prevalent software development process in 1981.
References to this model typically call it ''COCOMO 81''. In 1995 ''COCOMO II'' was developed and finally published in 2000 in the book ''Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II''.〔Barry Boehm, Chris Abts, A. Winsor Brown, Sunita Chulani, Bradford K. Clark, Ellis Horowitz, Ray Madachy, Donald J. Reifer, and Bert Steece. ''Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II'' (with CD-ROM). Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall, 2000. ISBN 0-13-026692-2〕 COCOMO II is the successor of COCOMO 81 and is better suited for estimating modern software development projects. It provides more support for modern software development processes and an updated project database. The need for the new model came as software development technology moved from mainframe and overnight batch processing to desktop development, code reusability, and the use of off-the-shelf software components. This article refers to ''COCOMO 81''.
COCOMO consists of a hierarchy of three increasingly detailed and accurate forms. The first level, ''Basic COCOMO'' is good for quick, early, rough order of magnitude estimates of software costs, but its accuracy is limited due to its lack of factors to account for difference in project attributes (''Cost Drivers''). ''Intermediate COCOMO'' takes these Cost Drivers into account and ''Detailed COCOMO'' additionally accounts for the influence of individual project phases.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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